npm安装appium

本章节以严谨的先后逻辑一步一步实现从termux (安卓平台)， windows，linux搭建appium服务。

1 安装 node.js

首次安装node.js ,因为appium是基于node.js的工具，而npm是node.js的包管理工具，考虑到node.js优秀的跨平台性，本章节主要以npm实现appium服务的搭建（当然像apt也可以安装，但是只适合ubuntu操作系统）

termux安装命令

1
pkg install nodejs #以下操作termux用户去掉sudo即可

ubuntu安装命令

别用apt安装nodejs，因为apt收录的nodejs版本太低，建议直接区官网下载NodeJs官方教程， 下面是终端下载流程

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
sudo apt update 
sudo apt install wget # 下载wget
wget -o https://nodejs.org/dist/v22.14.0/node-v22.14.0-linux-x64.tar.xz #下载nodejs
sudo tar -Jxvf node-v22.14.0-linux-x64.tar.xz -C /opt/ # 解压nodejs
sudo chmod -R 744 /opt/node-v22.14.0-linux-x64 # 修改权限
sed -i '$a\PATH=/opt/node-v22.14.0-linux-x64/bin:$PATH' ~/.bashrc # 配置环境变量
source ~/.bashrc # 刷新配置

windows安装命令

1
winget install OpenJs.NodeJs

2 验证node.js安装

1
2
node -v
npm -v

3 npm换源

更换淘宝镜像

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
npm config set registry https://registry.npmmirror.com
# 如果有问题执行两次 # npm config set registry https://registry.npmmirror.com
# npm config get registry # 查看当前的镜像源
# npm config set registry [url] 设置镜像站

### 常见源
#官方镜像：https://registry.npmjs.org/
#淘宝镜像：http://registry.npmmirror.com
#阿里镜像：https://npm.aliyun.com
#腾讯镜像：https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/npm/
#华为镜像：https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/repository/npm/
#网易镜像：https://mirrors.163.com/npm/
#清华镜像：https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/
#中科大镜像：http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/

4 设置npm包管理路径

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
npm config set prefix  ~/npm_prefix
npm config set cache ~/npm_cache

#npm config set prefix "$file_path/prefix" # 设置包安装路径
#npm config set cache "$file_path/cache"   # 设置npm缓存路径
npm config ls # 查看npm包管理环境配置
# npm cache clean --force # 清理缓存，如果报错说明权限有问题，找一下Ai
# 或者直接到 ~/npm_cache目录下删除所有文件

5 安装appium

1
2
3
npm install -g appium
# 安装appium-doctor验证appium依赖
npm install -g appium-doctor

6 配置appium

1
2
sed -i '$a\PATH=$HOME/npm_prefix/bin:$PATH' ~/.bashrc #配置appium环境变量
source ~/.bashrc
1
2
#打开appium
appium
1
2
# 打开appium-doctor
appium-doctor

安装驱动与插件

1
2
3
4
appium driver list # 查看驱动库
appium driver install uiautomator2# 安装uiautomator2驱动
appium plugin list # 查看插件库
appium plugin install universal-xml # 安装universal-xml插件

附带插件启动appium

1
appium --use-plugins universal-xml

使用appium-docter检查appium环境

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
[Deprecated] Please use appium-doctor installed with "npm install @appium/doctor --location=global"
info AppiumDoctor Appium Doctor v.1.16.2
info AppiumDoctor ### Diagnostic for necessary dependencies starting ###
info AppiumDoctor  ✔ The Node.js binary was found at: /opt/node-v22.14.0-linux-x64/bin/node
info AppiumDoctor  ✔ Node version is 22.14.0
info AppiumDoctor  ✔ ANDROID_HOME is set to: /opt/android-sdk-linux
WARN AppiumDoctor  ✖ JAVA_HOME environment variable is NOT set!
info AppiumDoctor    Checking adb, android, emulator, apkanalyzer
info AppiumDoctor      'adb' is in /opt/android-sdk-linux/platform-tools/adb
info AppiumDoctor      'android' is in /opt/android-sdk-linux/tools/android
info AppiumDoctor      'emulator' is in /opt/android-sdk-linux/tools/emulator
WARN AppiumDoctor  ✖ apkanalyzer could NOT be found in /opt/android-sdk-linux!
WARN AppiumDoctor  ✖ Cannot check $JAVA_HOME requirements since the environment variable itself is not set
info AppiumDoctor ### Diagnostic for necessary dependencies completed, 3 fixes needed. ###
info AppiumDoctor 
info AppiumDoctor ### Diagnostic for optional dependencies starting ###
WARN AppiumDoctor  ✖ opencv4nodejs cannot be found.
WARN AppiumDoctor  ✖ ffmpeg cannot be found
WARN AppiumDoctor  ✖ mjpeg-consumer cannot be found.
WARN AppiumDoctor  ✖ bundletool.jar cannot be found
info AppiumDoctor  ✔ gst-launch-1.0 and gst-inspect-1.0 are installed at: /usr/bin/gst-launch-1.0 and /usr/bin/gst-inspect-1.0
info AppiumDoctor ### Diagnostic for optional dependencies completed, 4 fixes possible. ###
info AppiumDoctor 
info AppiumDoctor ### Manual Fixes Needed ###
info AppiumDoctor The configuration cannot be automatically fixed, please do the following first:
WARN AppiumDoctor  ➜ Make sure the environment variable JAVA_HOME is properly configured for the Appium process. Refer https://github.com/appium/java-client/blob/master/docs/environment.md for more details.
WARN AppiumDoctor  ➜ Manually install apkanalyzer and add it to PATH. https://developer.android.com/studio#cmdline-tools and https://developer.android.com/studio/intro/update#sdk-manager may help to setup.
WARN AppiumDoctor  ➜ Set $JAVA_HOME environment variable to the root folder path of your local JDK installation
info AppiumDoctor 
info AppiumDoctor ### Optional Manual Fixes ###
info AppiumDoctor The configuration can install optionally. Please do the following manually:
WARN AppiumDoctor  ➜ Why opencv4nodejs is needed and how to install it: http://appium.io/docs/en/writing-running-appium/image-comparison/
WARN AppiumDoctor  ➜ ffmpeg is needed to record screen features. Please read https://www.ffmpeg.org/ to install it
WARN AppiumDoctor  ➜ mjpeg-consumer module is required to use MJPEG-over-HTTP features. Please install it with 'npm i -g mjpeg-consumer'.
WARN AppiumDoctor  ➜ bundletool.jar is used to handle Android App Bundle. Please read http://appium.io/docs/en/writing-running-appium/android/android-appbundle/ to install it
info AppiumDoctor 
info AppiumDoctor ###
info AppiumDoctor 
info AppiumDoctor Bye! Run appium-doctor again when all manual fixes have been applied!
info AppiumDoctor

由于没有装android-sdk，与java。所以虽然服务启动了，但无法使用下节开始配置sdk并安装java。

注意：

termux用户在执行安装的时候别加sudo哦

有问题积极留言讨论

感谢来自以下博客的分享

npm 设置全局变量安装路径及环境配置_无配置自定义npm路径,npm路径将用系统环境变量路径-CSDN博客

ubuntu:安装配置appium全套流程(亲测有效)_ubuntu安装appium-CSDN博客

国内npm源镜像（npm加速下载） 指定npm镜像_npm国内镜像源-CSDN博客